About Book

Tribology is the science and engineering of interacting surfaces in relative motion. It includes the study and application of the principles of friction, lubrication and wear. Tribology is not an isolated science, but rather a complex, multidisciplinary endeavour where advances are made by collaborative efforts of researchers from fields including mechanical engineering, manufacturing, materials science and engineering, chemistry and chemical engineering, physics, mathematics, biomedical science, computer science and more. It is a subfield of mechanical engineering and it also has elements of material sciences. It studies the changes and differences which occur in bodies when they interact while being in motion. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to engineering tribology. It talks in detail about the techniques and applications of this technology. It explores various topics such as cryogenic tribology, lubricant additives, biotribology, polyelectrolyte, nanotribology and polytron. Through this book, we attempt to further enlighten the readers about the advance concepts in this field. It is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in this field. This book aims to serve as a resource guide for students, experts alike and contribute to the growth of the discipline.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Tribology: The Tool to Design Materials for Energy-Efficient and Durable Products and Process.................................................................1

Abstract...................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................2

2. Commercial equipment........................................................................3

3. New testing benches............................................................................5

4. Description of the main new test benches......................................7

5. Case studies..........................................................................................14

6. Conclusions..........................................................................................30

Acknowledgements.............................................................................31

Chapter 2 Experimental Results of the Tribology of Aluminum in the Presence of Polytron Additive...............................................................40

Abstract.................................................................................................40

1. Introduction..........................................................................................41

2. Experimental details...........................................................................43

3. Results and discussion.......................................................................49

4. Conclusions..........................................................................................53

Acknowledgements.............................................................................54

Conflict of interest..............................................................................54

Nomenclature.......................................................................................54

Chapter 3 Characterization of Multiblock (Segmented) Copolyurethane-Imides and Nanocomposites Based Thereof Using AFM, Nanotribology, and Nanoindentation Methods................................61

Abstract.................................................................................................61

1. Introduction..........................................................................................62

2. Experimental details...........................................................................63

3. Results and discussion.......................................................................68

4. Conclusions..........................................................................................82

Acknowledgements.............................................................................83

Chapter 4 Advance in Tribology Study of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers.........87

Abstract.................................................................................................87

1. Introduction..........................................................................................87

2. Effects of chemical composition of polyelectrolyte......................89

3. Effect of nanoparticle doped into PEMs........................................93

4. Nanotribology of PEMs.....................................................................98

5. Conclusions........................................................................................100

Acknowledgements...........................................................................101

Chapter 5 Biotribology of Artificial Hip Joints..................................................109

Abstract...............................................................................................109

1. Introduction........................................................................................109

2. Basic concepts of tribology.............................................................111

3. Biotribology in hip joints.................................................................117

Chapter 6 The Tribology and Chemistry of Phosphorus‐Containing Lubricant

Additives...................................................................................................145

Abstract...............................................................................................145

1. Introduction........................................................................................145

2. Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates and ot-her metal

dithiophosphates...............................................................................147

3. Dithiophosphate esters and related materials.............................151

4. Phosphate esters................................................................................153

5. Phosphorus containing ionic liquids.............................................157

6. Advanced bearing materials...........................................................158

7. Conclusion..........................................................................................160

Chapter 7 Cryogenic Tribology in High-Speed Bearings and Shaft Seals of

Rocket Turbopumps...............................................................................171

1. Introduction........................................................................................171

2. Bearings and shaft seals of turbopumps......................................174

3. Cryogenic tribological problems [4, 16, 20, 23]..........................181

4. High–speed bearings........................................................................186

5. Turbopump shaft seals.....................................................................197

6. Advanced bearings and shaft seals...............................................204

7. Concluding remarks.........................................................................218

Acknowledgements...........................................................................219

Citation......................................................................................................225

Index...........................................................................................................227

About Author

Hans Morrell received his Master of Science in Engineering Mechanics from Public Technological University, La Doua. He has served as a Guest Lecturer at Institute of Technology, Darmstadt. He has diverse areas of academic and research interests which include nanotribology and friction regimes. He has won an “Excellence in Graduate Education” award for his outstanding contribution towards the student community especially in the undergraduate programs. Morrell has attended numerous engineering conferences and symposiums and has presented 8 papers on science and technology.