About Book

With the constant development and improvement in technologies and data analysis, remote sensing techniques can be key in the areas of ecology and conservation. Remote sensing refers to the science of examining and understanding an object without going into its actual surroundings or making any physical contact with the object. It is applied in the fields like geology, geography, hydrology and ecology, etc. Remote sensing is a tool with the potential to improve research within this area due advantages such as the possibility to cover large areas at a high spatial resolution, repeatability of measurements allowing for monitoring through time, non-intrusiveness of measurements and that data can be obtained/measured quickly compared to manual data collection equivalents. It is also used for the studies include multispectral satellite imagery, data captured using unmanned aerial vehicles, radar imagery, the generation of DEMs and clustering methods. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil, and commercial users around the world. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to remote sensing. It provides detailed information about vegetation recovery monitoring, characterizing forest structure, multichannel remote sensing, geostationary remote sensing, atmospheric remote sensing and detection of water, ground remote sensing techniques and remote sensing sensors. Most of the topics covered in this important book cover new techniques and application of remote sensing. The topics included in the book offer thorough insights to the readers about remote sensing. It is an essential guide for graduates and post-graduates in the fields of wireless communication devices, computational analysis and aerial photography and radiometry.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 A Review: Remote Sensing Sensors......................................................1

Abstract ..................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................1

2. Remarkable development in spaceborne remote sensing.............5

3. Characteristics of materials in electromagnetic spectrum

(EMS).......................................................................................................7

4. Spaceborne sensors.............................................................................13

5. Future and discussions......................................................................23

6. Conclusions..........................................................................................24

Acknowledgements.............................................................................25

Chapter 2 Detection of Water Pipes and Leakages in Rural Water Supply Networks Using Remote Sensing Techniques..................................29

1. Introduction..........................................................................................29

2. Study areas...........................................................................................31

3. Methodology........................................................................................36

4. Resources..............................................................................................37

5. Results...................................................................................................42

6. Discussion and remarks.....................................................................52

Acknowledgements.............................................................................53

Chapter 3 Crop Disease and Pest Monitoring by Remote Sensing................58

1. Introduction..........................................................................................58

2. Detecting yellow rust of winter wheat by remote sensing ......59

3. Detecting and discriminating winter wheat aphid by remote

sensing .................................................................................................96

Chapter 4 CSIR – NLC Mobile LIDAR for Atmospheric Remote

Sensing......................................................................................................114

1. Introduction........................................................................................114

2. LIDAR as a remote sensing probe................................................115

3. Lidar activities in south africa ......................................................123

4. CSIR - NLC mobile LIDAR system ....................................... 124

5. Acknowledgments ...........................................................................141

Chapter 5 Classification of Pre-Filtered Multichannel Remote Sensing

Images........................................................................................................142

1. Introduction........................................................................................142

2. Approaches to multichannel image filtering .............................145

3. Classifiers and their training .........................................................158

4. Filtering and classification results and examples .....................161

5. Conclusions .......................................................................................166

Chapter 6 Characterizing Forest Structure by Means of Remote Sensing:

A Review...................................................................................................170

1. Introduction........................................................................................170

2. Remote sensing for modelling forest structure...........................180

3. Conclusion..........................................................................................194

Chapter 7 Advances in Remote Sensing of Post-Fire Vegetation Recovery

Monitoring – A Review.........................................................................206

1. Introduction........................................................................................206

2. Ecological framework.......................................................................207

3. Post-fire monitoring using remote sensing..................................210

4. Advances in remote sensing of post-fire monitoring................230

5. Future investigation..........................................................................233

6. Conclusions........................................................................................234

7. Acknowledgments.............................................................................235

Citation......................................................................................................255

Index...........................................................................................................257

About Author

Harv Moreira pursued his Ph.D. in Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing from University College, Cork. He serves as a guest lecturer in many universities across America and Europe. Today, Moreira is a veteran in the field of global positioning system and geographic information system with numerous revolutionizing texts, articles and research papers to his credit. His interests include field spectroscopy, image processing, spectral analysis, field data collection, and investigating new data analysis methods for remote sensing techniques, all the areas of environmental, plant atmospheric and related sciences. He is also an active member of several scientific and technical societies.