About Book

As the population of the world is rising, so is the amount of waste being produced. The mismanagement of waste has led to serious ecological damage as well as social and environmental harm. Waste management refers to the field of using various actions, activities, technologies and methods to manage waste. It also includes transport, collection, disposal and treatment of waste. To keep this planet clean and habitable waste management is the need of the hour. The process of waste management involves treating solid and liquid waste. During the treatment, it also offers a variety of solutions for recycling items that aren’t categorized as trash. While the waste management hierarchy also applies to the management of bio-waste, in specific cases it may be justified to depart from it as the environmental balance of the various options available for the management of this waste depends on a number of local factors, inter alia collection systems and climatic conditions. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of waste management. It deals with geophysical methods, waste disposal sites, value-added solid waste, geological disposal, disposal challenges, health care waste management, hazardous waste management and electronic waste recycling. Most of the topics introduced in this book cover new techniques and applications related to management of waste. Different approaches, evaluations and advanced studies have been included in it. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of this field are examined in detail. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective about this field.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Introductory Chapter: Introduction to Hazardous Waste Management.................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................1

2. Hazardous wastes.................................................................................2

3. Hazardous characteristics....................................................................3

4. Hazardous and radioactive wastes management...........................6

5. Multi‐barrier concept..........................................................................10

Chapter 2 Electronic Waste Recycling and Disposal: An Overview................13

Abstract.................................................................................................13

1. Introduction..........................................................................................13

2. Secondary raw materials recovered in ele-ctronic waste

recycling................................................................................................16

3. The role of extended producer responsibility in e-waste

recycling................................................................................................18

4. Environmental and human health haza-rds of electronic waste

recycling................................................................................................19

5. Conclusion............................................................................................22

Acknowledgements.............................................................................22

Conflict of interest..............................................................................22

Chapter 3 Geological Disposal of Nuclear Waste: Fate and Transport of Radioactive Materials...............................................................................28

1. Introduction..........................................................................................28

2. Mechanism of colloid attachment....................................................31

3. Conclusions and future directions...................................................42

4. Abbreviations ......................................................................................43

Chapter 4 Geo-Environmental Site Investigation for Municipal Solid Waste

Disposal Sites............................................................................................52

1. Introduction..........................................................................................52

2. Geo-environmental site investigation steps...................................53

3. Preliminary investigation...................................................................54

4. Geophysical survey.............................................................................56

5. Invasive tests........................................................................................63

6. Laboratory tests for geo-environmental site characterization....72

7. Conclusion .........................................................................................81

8. Acknowledgments ............................................................................82

Chapter 5 Application of Geophysical Methods to Waste Disposal

Studies.........................................................................................................88

1. Introduction..........................................................................................88

2. Case studies ........................................................................................97

3. Conclusion..........................................................................................115

4. Acknowledgements .........................................................................115

Chapter 6 Household Hazardous Waste Management in Sub‐Saharan

Africa..........................................................................................................118

Abstract ..............................................................................................118

1. Introduction........................................................................................118

2. Classification and effects of household hazardous wastes.......121

3. Method................................................................................................126

4. Management of household hazardous wa-stes...........................127

5. Conclusion..........................................................................................137

Acknowledgements...........................................................................138

Chapter 7 Health care Waste Management– Public Health Benefits, and the

Need for Effective Environmental Regulatory Surveillance in

Federal Republic of Nigeria.................................................................143

1. Introduction........................................................................................143

2. Medical and pharmaceutical waste in Europe and America...150

3. Health care waste in Nigeria..........................................................151

4. Microorganisms associated with Health care waste..................154

5. Dangers of improper disposal of Health care waste.................155

6. International agreements and principles on Health care

management.......................................................................................160

7. Environmental regulatory agencies in Nigeria with Health

care wastes related mandates.........................................................166

8. Emerging issues of Health care waste management.................172

9. Environmental impact assessment for public health and

pharmaceutical institutions.............................................................173

10. Conclusion..........................................................................................174

11. Recommendation...............................................................................174

Chapter 8 E-Waste Disposal Challenges and Remedies: A Tanzanian Perspective................................................................................................178

1. Introduction........................................................................................178

2. Definition of some key terms ........................................................179

3. Current status of e-waste in Tanzania ........................................179

4. E-waste management specific regulations ..................................181

5. The institutional framework ..........................................................181

6. E-waste, environment and health .................................................184

7. Research approach ...........................................................................187

8. Results analysis and discussion ..................................................188

9. Suggested solutions .........................................................................190

10. Conclusion..........................................................................................193

Chapter 9 Assessment of Population Perception Impact on Value-Added Solid Waste Disposal in Developing Countries, a Case Study of Port Harcourt City, Nigeria..................................................................197

1. Introduction........................................................................................197

2. Materials and methods ...................................................................202

3. Results ................................................................................................204

4. Discussion...........................................................................................215

5. Conclusions and recommendations...............................................230

6. Acknowledgements...........................................................................230

Citation......................................................................................................235

Index...........................................................................................................237

About Author

Neil Gillen received his M.Sc. in Environmental Protection and Management from University at Edinburgh. He is working for an international non-governmental organization at Acapulco after his exit from the private sector. He is actively involved in many researches related to industrial waste, waste management and waste water treatment. Gillen has written 120 research papers and has spoken at several conferences. His articles and book chapters have been published worldwide. He has been an eminent speaker in seminars and forums across Europe, America and Asia.