About Book

Nonlinear optics is a very broad field, centered in both Physics and Electrical Engineering, more specifically in the sub-fields of Optics and Photonics. Nonlinear optics has emerged as the most attractive field of study due to its applications in areas such as optical modulation, optical switching, frequency shifting and optical data storage for the development of technologies in telecommunications and information processing and as such, nonlinear optical processes are of vast scientific potential. Nonlinear optics explains nonlinear response of properties such as frequency, polarization, phase or path of incident light. These nonlinear interactions give rise to a host of optical phenomena. Nonlinear optical materials play a pivotal role in the future evolution of nonlinear optics and its impact in technology and industrial applications are excellent. The aim of this book is to provide thorough insights to readers about nonlinear optics. In the present scenario, where a lot of emphasis is devoted to the growth and structural elucidation of nonlinear optical materials, this book presents a detailed investigation of the nonlinear optics using various methods. It deals with nonautonomous solitons, absorption processes of lights, molecular ordering, optical fibers and femtosecond optics. Most of the topics introduced in it cover new techniques and the applications of optics. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Probing the Molecular Ordering in Azopolymer Thin Films by

Second-Order Nonlinear Optics..............................................................1

Abstract...................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................2

2. Basic theory............................................................................................4

3. Layer-by-layer thin films...................................................................15

4. Second-harmonic generation from LbL films................................19

5. Conclusions..........................................................................................30

Chapter 2 Retarded Electromagnetic Interaction and Symmetry Violation of Time Reversal in High Order Stimulated Radiation and Absorption Processes of Lights as Well as Nonlinear Optics – Influence on Fundamental Theory of Laser and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Physics.........................................................................................................36

1. Introduction..........................................................................................36

2. The transition probability of the first order process...................38

3. The time reversal of the first order process..................................43

4. The transition probability of the second order process..............45

5. The time reversal of the second order process.............................47

6. Accumulate solution of double energy level system and its time

reversal..................................................................................................50

7. The time reversal of the third order process of double

photons..................................................................................................52

8. Sum frequency process and its time reversal...............................55

9. Non-linear polarizations and symmetry violation of time

reversal .................................................................................................57

10. Irreversibility of nonlinear optics processes..................................58

11. Influence on the fundamental theory of laser..............................63

12. Discussion on the reasons of symmetry violation of time

reversal ................................................................................................66

13. Influence on non-equilibrium statistical mechanics.....................69

14. Acknowledgment................................................................................70

15. Appendix..............................................................................................71

Chapter 3 Overview of Nonlinear Optics .............................................................75

1. Introduction..........................................................................................75

2. Nonlinear polarization density........................................................79

3. The P3 term..........................................................................................88

4. Nonlinear absorption.........................................................................92

5. Nonlinear scattering processes.........................................................94

6. Nonlocal optical/Photorefractive nonlinearities...........................105

7. Wave-mixing in nonlinear materials.............................................110

8. Transient nonlinear optics...............................................................114

9. Beam-related non-linear effects......................................................117

10. Cavity-enhanced nonlinearities......................................................123

11. NLO topics not covered..................................................................127

12. Conclusions........................................................................................129

Chapter 4 Nonautonomous Solitons: Applications from Nonlinear Optics to

BEC and Hydrodynamics......................................................................144

1. Introduction........................................................................................144

2. Lax operator method and exact integrability of nonautonomous

nonlinear and dispersive models with external potentials......148

3. Generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and solitary waves

in nonautonomous nonlinear and dispersive systems:

nonautonomous solitons..................................................................150

4. Hidden features of the soliton adaptation law to external

potentials: the generalized Serkin-Hasegawa theorems............153

5. Chirped optical solitons with moving spectra in nonautonomous

systems: colored nonautonomous solitons..................................158

6. Bound states of colored nonautonomous optical solitons:

non-autonomous “agitated” breathers..........................................161

7. Rogue waves, “quantized” modulation instability, and dynamics

of nonautonomous Peregrine solitons under “hyperbolic

hurricane wind”................................................................................163

8. Nonautonomous KdV solitons.......................................................168

9. Conclusions........................................................................................171

Chapter 5 Linear and Nonlinear Femtosecond Optics in Isotropic Media –

Ionization-Free Filamentation..............................................................178

1. Introduction........................................................................................178

2. Linear regime of narrow band and broad band optical

pulses .................................................................................................180

3. Self-focusing of narrow band femtosecond pulses.

Conical emission and spectral broadening ................................186

4. Carrier-to-envelope phase and nonlinear polarization.

Drift from THz to GHz generation .............................................190

5. Nonlinear sub-cycle regime for ΔΔkz » k0..............................................................191

6. Spectrally asymmetric 3D+1 soliton solution .............................195

7. Conclusions........................................................................................197

8. Acknowledgements...........................................................................198

Chapter 6 Nonlinear Pulse Reshaping in Optical Fibers.................................202

1. Introduction........................................................................................202

2. Theoretical model ............................................................................207

3. Pulse reshaping in the weak nonlinear case...............................208

4. Pulse reshaping in the strong nonlinear case.............................217

5. Conclusion..........................................................................................224

Citation......................................................................................................231

Index...........................................................................................................233

About Author

Roland Collier pursued his Ph.D. in Optical Sciences from Technological University, La Paz. He is a Visiting Professor at Community College, Bogotá. He has written several articles, research papers and book chapters on electromagnetic radiation, geometric optics and quantum mechanics. His researches include quantum optics, optical coherence tomography and nonlinear optics. Collier is an active member of several scientific & technical societies. He has also attended numerous scientific conferences and symposiums.